The efficacy of porcine dermal collagen to treat complex anal fistulae: results of a multicenter cohort

Introduction: The management of complex anal fistulae remains a topical surgical problem. The choice and success of surgical management are based on the balance between healing and continence. Although porcine dermal collagen (Permacol Collagen Paste [PCP]- Covidien plc, Gosport, Hampshire, UK) represents a new generation of non-solid biomaterials, its results in anal fistulae are mixed. Methods: A multicenter observational retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula treated in four colorectal surgery units was performed between 2015 and 2020. Clinical cure of the fistula was the main outcome measure. Adverse events and alterations in anal continence were secondary outcomes. Results: The study included 119 patients (87 males, 71.1%), with a mean age of 53 years (IR 44-65). Most patients had complex (80.6%) and recurrent (91.6%) fistulae. With the first PCP treatment, the overall cure rate was 41.2% (49 patients) and 45.4% with the second treatment (5 out of 17 patients). The mean follow-up period was 17 months (IR 5-25). Healing was not affected by the location and type of fistula, the existence or not of a cavity, the number of tracts, or the administration of prophylactic antibiotics. After the PCP treatment, no patient in the series had worsening of continence. Morbidity affected 22.7% of the patients (27), with postoperative abscesses being the most frequent adverse event. There were no statistical differences between the four hospitals studied. Conclusions: Permacol collagen paste is a safe and easily reproducible therapy for complicated anal fistulae that has moderate efficacy. The overall success rate is slightly over 40%, with no detriment to fecal continence. (AU)

Care burden and outcome of the surgical management of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective analysis of the last 20 years in a tertiary hospital in Spain.

AIM: To analyze the surgical burden of UC care in the last two decades, analyzing the characteristics of the patients, surgical indications along with the short and long-term results. METHOD: Single-center retrospective cohort analysis of UC patients undergoing abdominal and anorectal surgery between January 2000 and December 2020. The care burden, clinical data and results were analyzed according to distribution by decades. RESULTS: 128 patients, 37% female, underwent 376 surgical interventions (296 intestinal procedures and 80 anorectal). Mean follow-up for the cohort was 106±64 months. Timing from diagnosis to first surgery was under 5 years in 53.3%. In the second decade of the study there were fewer operated patients (73 vs. 48) as well as the total number of interventions per patient (2.7 vs. 2.0). The proportion between elective and urgent surgery was reversed in the second decade, observing an increase in laparoscopic surgery (70% vs. 8%) together with a decrease in major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo≥IIIa) (20% vs 8.4%). 80 patients underwent a restorative proctocolectomy, with a failure of 5% at 1 year but 23.7% in the long term. 37 patients required anorectal surgery, of which 26 (71%) were serial interventions, most due to septic complications of the pouches. CONCLUSIONS: The number of colectomies and interventions per patient decreased in the last decade, while there were improvements in morbidity and surgical approach. The need for sequential surgeries and long-term active instrumental surveillance for possible functional deterioration constitutes a significant clinical burden.

Care burden and outcome of the surgical management of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective analysis of the last 20 years in a tertiary hospital in Spain / Carga asistencial y resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de la colitis ulcerativa: un análisis retrospectivo de los últimos 20 años en un hospital terciario de España

Aim: To analyze the surgical burden of UC care in the last two decades, analyzing the characteristics of the patients, surgical indications along with the short and long-term results. Method: Single-center retrospective cohort analysis of UC patients undergoing abdominal and anorectal surgery between January 2000 and December 2020. The care burden, clinical data and results were analyzed according to distribution by decades. Results: 128 patients, 37% female, underwent 376 surgical interventions (296 intestinal procedures and 80 anorectal). Mean follow-up for the cohort was 106±64 months. Timing from diagnosis to first surgery was under 5 years in 53.3%. In the second decade of the study there were fewer operated patients (73 vs. 48) as well as the total number of interventions per patient (2.7 vs. 2.0). The proportion between elective and urgent surgery was reversed in the second decade, observing an increase in laparoscopic surgery (70% vs. 8%) together with a decrease in major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo≥IIIa) (20% vs 8.4%). 80 patients underwent a restorative proctocolectomy, with a failure of 5% at 1 year but 23.7% in the long term. 37 patients required anorectal surgery, of which 26 (71%) were serial interventions, most due to septic complications of the pouches. Conclusions: The number of colectomies and interventions per patient decreased in the last decade, while there were improvements in morbidity and surgical approach. The need for sequential surgeries and long-term active instrumental surveillance for possible functional deterioration constitutes a significant clinical burden. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la carga quirúrgica asistencial por CU en 20 años, analizando las características de los pacientes, indicaciones quirúrgicas y resultados a corto y largo plazo. Método: Análisis retrospectivo unicéntrico de pacientes intervenidos de enero del 2000 a diciembre del 2020. La carga asistencial, los datos clínicos y los resultados se analizaron según distribución por décadas. Resultados: Ciento veintiocho pacientes, 37% mujeres, con 376 intervenciones quirúrgicas (296 procedimientos intestinales y 80 anorrectales). El seguimiento medio de la cohorte fue de 106±64 meses. El lapso entre el diagnóstico y la primera cirugía fue <5 años en el 53,3%. En la segunda década del estudio hubo menos pacientes operados (73 frente a 48) y un menor número de intervenciones por paciente (2,7 frente a 2,0). La proporción entre cirugía electiva y urgente se revirtió en la segunda década, observándose un aumento de la cirugía laparoscópica (70% vs. 8%) junto con una disminución de la morbilidad postoperatoria mayor (Clavien-Dindo≥IIIa) (20% vs 8.4%). Se realizó una proctocolectomía restauradora a 80 pacientes, con un fracaso al año del 5% pero del 23,7% a largo plazo. Treinta y siete pacientes requirieron cirugía anorrectal, de los cuales 26 (71%) fueron intervenciones seriadas, la mayoría por complicaciones sépticas de los reservorios. Conclusiones: El número de colectomías y de intervenciones por paciente disminuyó en la última década, a la vez que hubo mejorías en la morbilidad y el abordaje quirúrgico. La necesidad de cirugías secuenciales y de una vigilancia instrumental activa a largo plazo por el posible deterioro funcional constituye una importante carga clínica. (AU)

Care burden and outcome of the surgical management of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective analysis of the last 20 years in a tertiary hospital in Spain / Carga asistencial y resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de la colitis ulcerativa: un análisis retrospectivo de los últimos 20 años en un hospital terciario de España

Aim: To analyze the surgical burden of UC care in the last two decades, analyzing the characteristics of the patients, surgical indications along with the short and long-term results. Method: Single-center retrospective cohort analysis of UC patients undergoing abdominal and anorectal surgery between January 2000 and December 2020. The care burden, clinical data and results were analyzed according to distribution by decades. Results: 128 patients, 37% female, underwent 376 surgical interventions (296 intestinal procedures and 80 anorectal). Mean follow-up for the cohort was 106±64 months. Timing from diagnosis to first surgery was under 5 years in 53.3%. In the second decade of the study there were fewer operated patients (73 vs. 48) as well as the total number of interventions per patient (2.7 vs. 2.0). The proportion between elective and urgent surgery was reversed in the second decade, observing an increase in laparoscopic surgery (70% vs. 8%) together with a decrease in major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo≥IIIa) (20% vs 8.4%). 80 patients underwent a restorative proctocolectomy, with a failure of 5% at 1 year but 23.7% in the long term. 37 patients required anorectal surgery, of which 26 (71%) were serial interventions, most due to septic complications of the pouches. Conclusions: The number of colectomies and interventions per patient decreased in the last decade, while there were improvements in morbidity and surgical approach. The need for sequential surgeries and long-term active instrumental surveillance for possible functional deterioration constitutes a significant clinical burden. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la carga quirúrgica asistencial por CU en 20 años, analizando las características de los pacientes, indicaciones quirúrgicas y resultados a corto y largo plazo. Método: Análisis retrospectivo unicéntrico de pacientes intervenidos de enero del 2000 a diciembre del 2020. La carga asistencial, los datos clínicos y los resultados se analizaron según distribución por décadas. Resultados: Ciento veintiocho pacientes, 37% mujeres, con 376 intervenciones quirúrgicas (296 procedimientos intestinales y 80 anorrectales). El seguimiento medio de la cohorte fue de 106±64 meses. El lapso entre el diagnóstico y la primera cirugía fue <5 años en el 53,3%. En la segunda década del estudio hubo menos pacientes operados (73 frente a 48) y un menor número de intervenciones por paciente (2,7 frente a 2,0). La proporción entre cirugía electiva y urgente se revirtió en la segunda década, observándose un aumento de la cirugía laparoscópica (70% vs. 8%) junto con una disminución de la morbilidad postoperatoria mayor (Clavien-Dindo≥IIIa) (20% vs 8.4%). Se realizó una proctocolectomía restauradora a 80 pacientes, con un fracaso al año del 5% pero del 23,7% a largo plazo. Treinta y siete pacientes requirieron cirugía anorrectal, de los cuales 26 (71%) fueron intervenciones seriadas, la mayoría por complicaciones sépticas de los reservorios. Conclusiones: El número de colectomías y de intervenciones por paciente disminuyó en la última década, a la vez que hubo mejorías en la morbilidad y el abordaje quirúrgico. La necesidad de cirugías secuenciales y de una vigilancia instrumental activa a largo plazo por el posible deterioro funcional constituye una importante carga clínica. (AU)

Care burden and outcome of the surgical management of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective analysis of the last 20 years in a tertiary hospital in Spain.

AIM: To analyze the surgical burden of UC care in the last two decades, analyzing the characteristics of the patients, surgical indications along with the short and long-term results. METHOD: Single-center retrospective cohort analysis of UC patients undergoing abdominal and anorectal surgery between January 2000 and December 2020. The care burden, clinical data and results were analyzed according to distribution by decades. RESULTS: 128 patients, 37% female, underwent 376 surgical interventions (296 intestinal procedures and 80 anorectal). Mean follow-up for the cohort was 106±64 months. Timing from diagnosis to first surgery was under 5 years in 53.3%. In the second decade of the study there were fewer operated patients (73 vs. 48) as well as the total number of interventions per patient (2.7 vs. 2.0). The proportion between elective and urgent surgery was reversed in the second decade, observing an increase in laparoscopic surgery (70% vs. 8%) together with a decrease in major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo≥IIIa) (20% vs 8.4%). 80 patients underwent a restorative proctocolectomy, with a failure of 5% at 1 year but 23.7% in the long term. 37 patients required anorectal surgery, of which 26 (71%) were serial interventions, most due to septic complications of the pouches. CONCLUSIONS: The number of colectomies and interventions per patient decreased in the last decade, while there were improvements in morbidity and surgical approach. The need for sequential surgeries and long-term active instrumental surveillance for possible functional deterioration constitutes a significant clinical burden.

Gender differences in stage at diagnosis and preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined gender differences in the clinical management of rectal cancer. We examine differences in stage at diagnosis and preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted in 22 hospitals in Spain including 770 patients undergoing surgery for rectal cancer. Study outcomes were disseminated disease at diagnosis and receiving preoperative radiotherapy. Age, comorbidity, referral from a screening program, diagnostic delay, distance from the anal verge, and tumor depth were considered as factors that might explain gender differences in these outcomes. RESULTS: Women were more likely to be diagnosed with disseminated disease among those referred from screening (odds ratio, confidence interval 95% (OR, CI = 7.2, 0.9-55.8) and among those with a diagnostic delay greater than 3 months (OR, CI = 5.1, 1.2-21.6). Women were less likely to receive preoperative radiotherapy if they were younger than 65 years of age (OR, CI = 0.6, 0.3-1.0) and if their tumors were cT3 or cT4 (OR, CI = 0.5, 0.4-0.7). CONCLUSIONS: The gender-specific sensitivity of rectal cancer screening tests, gender differences in referrals and clinical reasons for not prescribing preoperative radiotherapy in women should be further examined. If these gender differences are not clinically justifiable, their elimination might enhance survival.

Proctología y medicina deportiva: el tercer testículo / Proctology and Sports Medicine: The Third Testicle

No disponible

Late anastomotic leakages in rectal surgery: a wake-up call about their impact on long-term results.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the incidence of late anastomotic dehiscences, defined as those occurring after the 60th post-operative day, in the final results of rectal cancer treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed reviewing all anastomotic leakages (AL) recorded in a prospective rectal cancer database, from November 2006 to December 2015. RESULTS: The analysis included 395 (71.5%) colo-rectal anastomosis performed in 552 patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery. Overall 32 (8.1%). AL were identified: 25 (78%) early and 7 (22%) late. Late AL compared to early AL were significantly associated with: higher ASA score (p = 0.021), higher CLS score (p = 0.005), lower rectal tumours (p = 0.014), neo-adjuvant radio-chemotherapy (p = 0.028), presence of ileostomy (p = 0.013), early hospital discharge (p = 0.048) and with the need for definitive stoma creation (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Late AL can represent up to 22% of all AL; with significant long-term implications such as an increase of the requirement of definitive stoma or chronic pelvic sepsis. This findings could modify the long-term outcomes in rectal cancer published. In our experience, the late AL do not represent a distinct clinical process compared to early forms, with exception of the chronological criteria.

OBJETIVO: Valorar el impacto de la incidencia de dehiscencias anastomóticas tardías, definidas como las aparecidas después del día 60 del posoperatorio, en los resultados finales del tratamiento del cáncer de recto. MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo de todas las dehiscencias anastomóticas recogidas a largo plazo en un registro prospectivo de cáncer de recto entre noviembre de 2006 y diciembre de 2015. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 395 anastomosis colorrectales en 552 pacientes con cáncer de recto (71.5%) y se diagnosticaron 32 dehiscencias anastomóticas (8.1%): 25 precoces (78%) y 7 tardías (22%). Las tardías se diferenciaron de las precoces por presentarse en pacientes con mayor puntuación ASA (p = 0.021), mayor puntuación predictiva CLS (p = 0.005), tumores más bajos (p = 0.014), neoadyuvancia (p = 0.028), ileostomía (p = 0.013), menos tiempo de estancia posoperatoria (p = 0.048) y mayor necesidad de estomas definitivos (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONES: Las dehiscencias anastomóticas tardías pueden suponer el 22% de las dehiscencias totales y se acompañan de un aumento de estomas definitivos y de sepsis pélvica crónica que podrían empeorar los estándares publicados en cáncer de recto. En nuestra experiencia no son diferentes de las formas precoces salvo en su cronología.

Results of short term radiotherapy followed by radical surgery for rectal cancer: A long-term unicenter observational study. / Resultados de la radioterapia de ciclo corto seguida de cirugía radical en el cáncer de recto: estudio unicéntrico y observacional a largo plazo.

INTRODUCTION: Short-term radiotherapy (STR) for rectal cancer (RC) has rarely been used in Spain. The aim of the present study is to describe oncological results after RTC and surgery for RC. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of patients treated with STR and surgery for RC (1999-2012). Epidemiological data, staging, complications of STR, STR-surgery interval, surgical approach, rate of anastomotic/perineal wound dehiscence, and pathological data (regression degree and staging) were collected. Global survival, disease free survival, local recurrence rate and incidence of toxicity, response and complications of combined treatment are reported. RESULTS: Of 1229 patients treated, 209 patients received STR and surgery. The median follow-up was 6.2 years. Mean age was 68 years and 66% of the patients were men. A total of 88% were cT3-4 and 44% cN+17 (8.1%) patients had resectable synchronous metastases. Acute and chronic toxicity due to STR was <5%. In 75% of the cases the STR-surgery interval was <15 days, and in 9%> 4 weeks. Seven patients (3.3%) presented complete response. Nine (4.3%) patients presented an local recurrence rate. Global survival at 5, 10 and 15 years was 67.8, 49.2 and 37.5%, respectively. Disease free survival at 5, 10 and 15 years was 66.1, 47.1 and 33%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results compare favorably with multicentric historical series. STR offers certain advantages that could be increased by increasing the STR-surgery interval and/or interspersed with sequential chemotherapy.

Resultados de la radioterapia de ciclo corto seguida de cirugía radical en el cáncer de recto: estudio unicéntrico y observacional a largo plazo / Results of short term radiotherapy followed by radical surgery for rectal cancer: A long-term unicenter observational study

Introducción: La radioterapia preoperatoria corta (RTC) para el tratamiento del cáncer de recto (CR) ha sido poco utilizada en España. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir los resultados oncológicos tras tratamiento con RTC y cirugía por CR. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo que incluye una serie consecutiva de pacientes tratados por CR (1999-2012). Se recogieron datos epidemiológicos, estadificación, complicaciones de la RTC, intervalo RTC-cirugía, abordaje quirúrgico, tasa de dehiscencia de anastomosis o herida perineal e histológicos (grado de regresión y estadificación). Se analizan la supervivencia global, supervivencia libre de enfermedad, tasa de recurrencia local e incidencia de toxicidad, respuesta y complicaciones del tratamiento combinado con RTC y cirugía. Resultados: De 1.229 pacientes tratados, 209 pacientes recibieron RTC y cirugía. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 6,2 años. La edad media fue de 68 años y el 66% fueron hombres. El 88% eran cT3-4 y el 44% cN+. Un total de 17 pacientes (8,1%) tenían metástasis síncronas resecables. La toxicidad aguda y crónica por RTC fue inferior al 5%. En el 75% de los pacientes el intervalo RTC-cirugía fue inferior a 15 días y en el 9%, superior a 4 semanas. Fueron 7 los pacientes (3,3%) que presentaron respuesta completa. La mediana de supervivencia fue de casi 10 años. Nueve (4,3%) pacientes presentaron una recurrencia local. La supervivencia global a 5, 10 y 15 años fue del 67,8, 49,2 y 37,5%, respectivamente. La supervivencia libre de enfermedad a 5, 10 y 15 años fue del 66,1; 47,1 y 33%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Los resultados se comparan favorablemente con las series históricas multicéntricas. La RTC ofrece ciertas ventajas que pueden ampliarse incrementando el intervalo RTC-cirugía o si se intercala con quimioterapia secuencial (AU)

Introduction: Short-term radiotherapy (STR) for rectal cancer (RC) has rarely been used in Spain. The aim of the present study is to describe oncological results after RTC and surgery for RC. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of patients treated with STR and surgery for RC (1999-2012). Epidemiological data, staging, complications of STR, STR-surgery interval, surgical approach, rate of anastomotic/perineal wound dehiscence, and pathological data (regression degree and staging) were collected. Global survival, disease free survival, local recurrence rate and incidence of toxicity, response and complications of combined treatment are reported. Results: Of 1229 patients treated, 209 patients received STR and surgery. The median follow-up was 6.2 years. Mean age was 68 years and 66% of the patients were men. A total of 88% were cT3-4 and 44% cN+17 (8.1%) patients had resectable synchronous metastases. Acute and chronic toxicity due to STR was <5%. In 75% of the cases the STR-surgery interval was <15 days, and in 9%> 4 weeks. Seven patients (3.3%) presented complete response. Nine (4.3%) patients presented an local recurrence rate. Global survival at 5, 10 and 15 years was 67.8, 49.2 and 37.5%, respectively. Disease free survival at 5, 10 and 15 years was 66.1, 47.1 and 33%, respectively. Conclusions: The results compare favorably with multicentric historical series. STR offers certain advantages that could be increased by increasing the STR-surgery interval and/or interspersed with sequential chemotherapy (AU)

Rehabilitación multimodal y cirugía intestinal por enfermedad de Crohn: Factores asociados a estancia hospitalaria prolongada / «Fast track» and intestinal surgery for Crohn’s disease: Factors associated with prolonged hospital stay

OBJETIVO: Los objetivos del trabajo fueron determinar los factores asociados a una estancia postoperatoria (EP) prolongada en pacientes con resección intestinal por enfermedad de Crohn (EC) con un protocolo de rehabilitación multimodal (RM). MÉTODOS: Se incluyó a los pacientes intervenidos entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2015 por EC. Para la RM se siguió un protocolo de 8 puntos. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, EP, ASA, localización y patrón de la EC, presencia de enfermedad perianal, índice de Harvey-Bradshaw, resección previa, tipo de cirugía actual (mínimamente invasiva vs. laparotomía) y Clavien-Dindo. Se realizó un estudio inferencial para identificar los factores asociados a una EP > de 6 días y un modelo logístico multivariante. RESULTADOS: Se intervino a 52 pacientes. La EP mediana fue de 8 días (RI: 5-11). En el análisis univariante, la localización (L1 vs. L2-3), el patrón (B2 vs. B3), la existencia de enfermedad perianal, la cirugía previa, el tipo de cirugía realizada, el Harvey-Bradshaw y el grado de Clavien-Dindo se asociaron todos ellos con una EP inferior o superior a 6 días. El modelo parsimonioso que mejor ajusta para predecir una EP >6 días es el que contiene la variable Harvey-Bradshaw (OR: 6,49; IC 95%: 1,46-28,8) y el tipo de cirugía efectuado (OR: 0,23; IC 95%: 0,05-0,95). CONCLUSIONES: La estancia prolongada tras cirugía resectiva por EC se relaciona más con el tipo o gravedad de la enfermedad y de cirugía realizada que con otras características del paciente. Los pacientes con EC requieren una buena coordinación entre prehabilitación, RM y transferencia de cuidados postoperatorios

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with a prolonged postoperative stay (PS) in patients operated on with bowel resection for Crohn's disease (CD) included in an enhanced recovery program (ERP). METHODS: We included patients operated on for CD between January 2013 and December 2015. ERP was organized following an 8-point protocol. Variables studied were: age, sex, PS, ASA, location and type of CD, presence of perianal disease, Harvey-Bradshaw index, previous resection, type of surgery (minimally invasive vs. laparotomy) and Clavien Dindo. An inferential study was performed to identify factors related with a PS > 6 days and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 52 patients were operated on. The median PS was 8 days (IR: 5-11). In the univariate analysis, location (L1 vs. L2-3), type (B2 vs. B3), presence of perianal disease, prior surgery, type of surgery performed, Harvey-Bradshaw index and Clavien-Dindo were associated with a PS > or< than 6 days. The model that best adjusts to predict a PS > 6 days contained the variable Harvey-Bradshaw (OR: 6,49; 95% CI: 1,46-28,8) and the type of surgery (OR: 0,23; 95%CI: 0,05-0,95). CONCLUSION: A prolonged postoperative stay after bowel resection for CD is more related to the type or severity of the disease and the type of surgery performed, than with other patient factors. Patients with CD need good coordination between prehabilitation, ERP and postoperative management

«Fast track¼ and intestinal surgery for Crohn's disease: Factors associated with prolonged hospital stay. / Rehabilitación multimodal y cirugía intestinal por enfermedad de Crohn: Factores asociados a estancia hospitalaria prolongada.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with a prolonged postoperative stay (PS) in patients operated on with bowel resection for Crohn's disease (CD) included in an enhanced recovery program (ERP). METHODS: We included patients operated on for CD between January 2013 and December 2015. ERP was organized following an 8-point protocol. Variables studied were: age, sex, PS, ASA, location and type of CD, presence of perianal disease, Harvey-Bradshaw index, previous resection, type of surgery (minimally invasive vs. laparotomy) and Clavien Dindo. An inferential study was performed to identify factors related with a PS> 6 days and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 52 patients were operated on. The median PS was 8 days (IR: 5-11). In the univariate analysis, location (L1 vs. L2-3), type (B2 vs. B3), presence of perianal disease, prior surgery, type of surgery performed, Harvey-Bradshaw index and Clavien-Dindo were associated with a PS>or< than 6 days. The model that best adjusts to predict a PS> 6days contained the variable Harvey-Bradshaw (OR: 6,49; 95% CI: 1,46-28,8) and the type of surgery (OR: 0,23; 95%CI: 0,05-0,95). CONCLUSION: A prolonged postoperative stay after bowel resection for CD is more related to the type or severity of the disease and the type of surgery performed, than with other patient factors. Patients with CD need good coordination between prehabilitation, ERP and postoperative management.

Incidencia y caracterización del síndrome de resección anterior de recto mediante la utilización de la escala LARS (low anterior resection score) / Incidence and characterization of the anterior resection syndrome through the use of the LARS scale (low anterior resection score)

INTRODUCCIÓN: Recientemente se ha validado una escala internacional de puntuación (LARS) que cuantifica el síndrome de resección anterior (SRA). El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la incidencia y gravedad del SRA utilizando el LARS y su relación con variables seleccionadas. MÉTODOS: A todos los pacientes con resección anterior por cáncer de recto operados entre octubre de 2007 y febrero de 2014, con intención curativa y con más de un año de funcionalidad, se les envió el cuestionario LARS. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, tiempo transcurrido desde la cirugía, tipo de resección, vía quirúrgica, tipo de anastomosis, realización de estoma derivativo, complicación postoperatoria y régimen de radioterapia. RESULTADOS: De 195 pacientes, 136 (70%) respondieron (132 adecuadamente). El 47% de los pacientes presentaba un LARS mayor y el 34% no desarrolló SRA cuantificable. Se relacionó un LARS mayor con peor calidad de vida (p = 0,002). En el análisis univariante, la escisión mesorrectal total (ETM), la radioterapia larga y el estoma derivativo se asociaron a un LARS mayor, y la utilización de un reservorio, a uno menor. En el análisis multivariante solo el tipo de resección (p < 0,001) y la utilización de reservorio (p = 0,002) fueron factores individuales relacionados con el LARS. CONCLUSIONES: La mitad de los pacientes operados presentaron un LARS mayor y solo un tercio no presentó un SRA cuantificable. La percepción global de la calidad de vida fue significativamente peor en los pacientes con LARS mayor. La ausencia de recto (ETM) y la forma de reconstrucción anastomótica fueron los principales factores asociados a la puntuación LARS

INTRODUCTION: Recently a score (LARS) has been internationally validates that quantifies the anterior resection syndrome (ARS). The objective of this study is to know the incidence and severity of the ARS using LARS and its correlation with selected variables or risk factors. METHODS: All operated patients with anterior resection for rectal cancer between October 2007 and February 2014, with curative intention and at least one year of functionality, were sent a LARS questionnaire. The variables studied were: Age sex, time elapsed since surgery, type of surgical approach, type of anastomosis, derivative ileostomy, postoperative pelvic complication, and radiotherapy regimen. RESULTS: Out of 195 patients, 136 (70%) responded, and 132 responded properly. A total of 47% of the patients presented «severe» LARS and 34% did not develop quantifiable ARS. Quality of life was worse in the highest LARS scores (P=.002). In the univariate analysis, total mesorectal excision, long radiotherapy regimen and derivative stoma were associated to «severe» LARS and the use of a reservoir was associated with minor LARS. In multivariate analysis only the type of resection (P<.001) and the use of a reservoir (P=.002) were individual factors related to LARS. CONCLUSIONS: Half of the operated patients presented high LARS score and only a third did not provide a quantifiable ARS. The overall perception of quality of life was significantly worse in patients with more severe LARS. The absence of the rectum (total mesorectal excision) and the type of anastomosis were the main factors associated with the LARS score

Incidence and characterization of the anterior resection syndrome through the use of the LARS scale (low anterior resection score).

INTRODUCTION: Recently a score (LARS) has been internationally validates that quantifies the anterior resection syndrome (ARS). The objective of this study is to know the incidence and severity of the ARS using LARS and its correlation with selected variables or risk factors. METHODS: All operated patients with anterior resection for rectal cancer between October 2007 and February 2014, with curative intention and at least one year of functionality, were sent a LARS questionnaire. The variables studied were: Age sex, time elapsed since surgery, type of surgical approach, type of anastomosis, derivative ileostomy, postoperative pelvic complication, and radiotherapy regimen. RESULTS: Out of 195 patients, 136 (70%) responded, and 132 responded properly. A total of 47% of the patients presented "severe" LARS and 34% did not develop quantifiable ARS. Quality of life was worse in the highest LARS scores (P=.002). In the univariate analysis, total mesorectal excision, long radiotherapy regimen and derivative stoma were associated to "severe" LARS and the use of a reservoir was associated with minor LARS. In multivariate analysis only the type of resection (P<.001) and the use of a reservoir (P=.002) were individual factors related to LARS. CONCLUSIONS: Half of the operated patients presented high LARS score and only a third did not provide a quantifiable ARS. The overall perception of quality of life was significantly worse in patients with more severe LARS. The absence of the rectum (total mesorectal excision) and the type of anastomosis were the main factors associated with the LARS score.

Anal intraepitelial neoplasia: A narrative review.

Anal intraepitelial neoplasia (AIN) constitutes a major health problem in certain risk groups, such as patients with immunosuppression of varied origin, males who have sexual relations with other males, and females with a previous history of vaginal or cervical abnormalities in cytology. Its relationship with the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been well documented; however, many of the factors involved in the progression and regression of the viral infection to dysplasia and anal carcinoma are unknown. AIN can be diagnosed through cytology of the anal canal or biopsy guided by high-resolution anoscopy. However, the need for these techniques in high-risk groups remains controversial. Treatment depends on the risk factors and given the high morbidity and high recurrence rates the utility of the different local treatments is still a subject of debate. Surgical biopsy is justified only in the case of progression suggesting lesions. The role of the vaccination in high-risk patients as primary prevention has been debated by different groups. However, there is no general consensus on its use or on the need for screening this population.

Neoplasia intraepitelial anal: una revisión de conjunto / Anal intraepitelial neoplasia: a narrative review

La neoplasia intraepitelial anal (AIN) constituye un importante problema de salud en ciertos grupos de riesgo como los pacientes con inmunodepresión de diverso origen, varones que mantienen relaciones sexuales con otros hombres, y mujeres con antecedentes de alteraciones en la citología cervical y/o vaginal. Está bien demostrada su relación con la infección del virus del papiloma humano (HPV), sin embargo se desconocen muchos de los factores implicados en la progresión y regresión de la infección viral a la displasia y al carcinoma anal. La pruebas diagnósticas de elección son la citología del canal anal y la anuscopia de alta resolución con biopsias dirigidas, aunque existe controversia sobre la necesidad de realización de la misma en poblaciones de riesgo. El tratamiento del AIN depende de los factores de riesgo y la necesidad de tratamiento local es controvertida debido a la alta tasa de recurrencia y morbilidad de las técnicas utilizadas. La biopsia quirúrgica está justificada sólo ante lesiones macroscópicas sugestivas de progresión. La vacunación frente al HPV para una prevención primaria en pacientes de alto riesgo ha sido debatida entre diferentes grupos, sin embargo no existe consenso sobre su implantación ni tampoco sobre la realización de un cribado en esta población (AU)

Anal intraepitelial neoplasia (AIN) constitutes a major health problem in certain risk groups, such as patients with immunosuppression of varied origin, males who have sexual relations with other males, and females with a previous history of vaginal or cervical abnormalities in cytology. Its relationship with the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been well documented; however, many of the factors involved in the progression and regression of the viral infection to dysplasia and anal carcinoma are unknown. AIN can be diagnosed through cytology of the anal canal or biopsy guided by high-resolution anoscopy. However, the need for these techniques in high-risk groups remains controversial. Treatment depends on the risk factors and given the high morbidity and high recurrence rates the utility of the different local treatments is still a subject of debate. Surgical biopsy is justified only in the case of progression suggesting lesions. The role of the vaccination in high-risk patients as primary prevention has been debated by different groups. However, there is no general consensus on its use or on the need for screening this population (AU)

Exenteración pélvica total en el tratamiento de las neoplasias avanzadas, primarias o recurrentes, de vísceras pélvicas / Total pelvic exenteration for the treatment of advanced primary or recurrent pelvic neoplasia

INTRODUCCIÓN: La resección completa con márgenes libres en los tumores viscerales pélvicos localmente avanzados, primarios o recurrentes, requiere ocasionalmente de una exenteración pélvica total (EPT). MÉTODOS: Revisamos los resultados obtenidos con la EPT en 34 pacientes consecutivos operados entre junio de 2006 y diciembre de 2013. RESULTADOS: La mediana de edad fue de 62 (40-82) años; 24 (70%) eran varones. El origen tumoral más frecuente fue el avanzado y primitivo de recto (TAPR), con 19 casos (55,9%) y el tipo de exenteración, la supraelevadora (61,8%). Se logró una resección R0 en 24 (70,6%) pacientes y en 16 (85%) de los TAPR. Quince (79%) pacientes con TAPR tenían pT4, y 4 (20%) pN+. La continuidad intestinal y urinaria se realizó con 2 estomas en 17 casos (50%), Bricker y anastomosis colorrectal en 11 (32,3%) y colostomía húmeda double barreled en 6 (17,6%). No hubo mortalidad postoperatoria; 23 (67,5%) pacientes tuvieron complicaciones y 5 (14,6%) requirieron una reoperación en el postoperatorio. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 23 (13-45) meses. La supervivencia global (SG) y libre de enfermedad (SLE) a los 2 años fueron del 67% y 58% respectivamente, y la mediana de SG y SLE fue de 59 meses (IC 95%: 26 a 110) y de 39 meses (IC 95%: 14 a 64), respectivamente. La SLE de las R0 fue significativamente mejor (p = 0,003) que las R1. CONCLUSIONES: La EPT es un procedimiento potencialmente curativo para las neoplasias viscerales avanzadas de la pelvis, con una morbimortalidad similar a otras cirugías exeréticas mayores

INTRODUCTION: Complete resection with clear margins in locally advanced pelvic visceral tumors, primary or recurrent, occasionally requires total pelvic exenteration (TPE). METHODS: We reviewed the results of EFA in 34 consecutive patients operated on between June 2006 and December 2013.ResultsMedian age was 62 (40-82) years; 24 (70%) were male. The tumor origin most frequent was advanced primary rectal tumor (APRT), with 19 cases (55.9%) and most common type of exenteration was supraelevator (61.8%). R0 resection was achieved in 24 (70.6%) patients and in 16 (85%) of the APRT. Fifteen (79%) patients had pT4 APRT, and 4 (20%) pN +. Reconstruction of the bowel and bladder was performed with two stomas in 17 cases (50%), colorectal anastomosis and Bricker in 11 (32.3%) and wet double barreled colostomy in 6 (17.6%). There was no postoperative mortality; 23 (67,5%) patients had complications, and 5 (14.6%) required a postoperative reoperation to solve them. Median follow-up was 23 (13-45) months. Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) at 2 years were 67% and 58% respectively, and the median OS and DFS was 59 months (95% CI 26-110) and 39 months (95% CI 14-64), respectively. The DFS of R0 was significantly better (p = 0.003) than R1. CONCLUSIONS: TPE is a potentially curative procedure for advanced pelvic visceral malignancies with similar morbi-mortality than other extended excisional surgery

Total pelvic exenteration for the treatment of advanced primary or recurrent pelvic neoplasia.

INTRODUCTION: Complete resection with clear margins in locally advanced pelvic visceral tumors, primary or recurrent, occasionally requires total pelvic exenteration (TPE). METHODS: We reviewed the results of EFA in 34 consecutive patients operated on between June 2006 and December 2013. RESULTS: Median age was 62 (40-82) years; 24 (70%) were male. The tumor origin most frequent was advanced primary rectal tumor (APRT), with 19 cases (55.9%) and most common type of exenteration was supraelevator (61.8%). R0 resection was achieved in 24 (70.6%) patients and in 16 (85%) of the APRT. Fifteen (79%) patients had pT4 APRT, and 4 (20%) pN +. Reconstruction of the bowel and bladder was performed with two stomas in 17 cases (50%), colorectal anastomosis and Bricker in 11 (32.3%) and wet double barreled colostomy in 6 (17.6%). There was no postoperative mortality; 23 (67,5%) patients had complications, and 5 (14.6%) required a postoperative reoperation to solve them. Median follow-up was 23 (13-45) months. Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) at 2 years were 67% and 58% respectively, and the median OS and DFS was 59 months (95% CI 26-110) and 39 months (95% CI 14-64), respectively. The DFS of R0 was significantly better (p=0.003) than R1. CONCLUSIONS: TPE is a potentially curative procedure for advanced pelvic visceral malignancies with similar morbi-mortality than other extended excisional surgery.